Journal of American Pharmacists Association

May-June 2012, Vol. 52, No. 3 >

Vaccine Update

Measles: A continuing saga

Haley Armstrong; Stephan L. Foster, PharmD, FAPhA

J Am Pharm Assoc. 2012;52:414-416. doi:10.1331/JAPhA.2012.12516

Article

References

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Measles is a highly contagious vaccine-preventable disease that still causes epidemics around the world. Because of the highly contagious nature of this virus, an estimated 400,000 to 500,000 cases were reported annually in the United States before the release of the vaccine in 1963.^+1,+2 At that time, it was estimated that up to 3.5 million individuals, equivalent to all the children born each year, were infected.⁺¹ More than 90% of U.S. citizens had been infected by the time they were 15 years old.⁺³ The measles vaccine has eliminated the occurrence of epidemics in the United States and other regions of the world in which it has been widely adopted. Unfortunately, measles remains common in underdeveloped countries, and the incidence is increasing worldwide.⁺³

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References

Watson JC, Hadler SC, Dykewicz CA. Measles, mumps, and rubella: vaccine use and strategies for elimination of measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome and control of mumps: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR Recomm Rep. 1998;47(RR-8):1–57.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Measles: manual for the surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases. Accessed at www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/surv-manual/chpt07-measles.pdf, January 30, 2011.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Measles. In: Atkinson W, Wolfe C, Hamborsky J, Eds. Epidemiology and prevention of vaccine preventable diseases.12th ed. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2011:173–92.

Strebel PM, Papania MJ, Dayan GH, Halsey NA. Measles vaccines. In: Plotkin SA, Orenstein WA, Eds. Vaccines.5th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2008:353–98.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Measles (rubeola) 2010 case definition. Accessed at www.cdc.gov/osels/ph_surveillance/nndss/casedef/measles_2010.htm, January 30, 2012.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Increased transmission and outbreaks of measles: European Region, 2011. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011;60:1605–10.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Measles: United States, 2011. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2012;61:253–7.

Poland GA, Jacobson RM. The re-emergence of measles in developed countries: time to develop the next-generation measles vaccines? Vaccine. 2012;30:103–4.[CrossRef]

Garley ML, Aaby P. The challenge of improving the efficacy of measles vaccine. Acta Trop. 2003;85:1–17.[CrossRef]

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